Don Lancaster's Guru's Lair What's New 2019 Blog

Don Lancaster's

What's New
2019 Blog

Click here for the latest updates!

Click here for the new canal menu!

Click here for the CMOS Cookbook!

Click here for our JFA Preprint!

Click here for the canal images!

Click here for my ARA Video!

free ebooks	bajada canals	on site stuff	off site stuff
gila hikes	usb classics	fast access	video links
more help	marcia swamp	auction secrets	magic sinewave
hydrogen stupidity	Post Script	patent bashing	blatant opportunt
cubic splines	hardware hacker	tech musings	resource bin
energy tutorials	gurugram library	unauth autobio	pseudo science
classic reprints	PS insider secrets	beginner stuff	tech innovation
simply marbelous	magsin calculator	third party	whatnu blogs
book to ebook	math stuff	Santa Claus	flutter wumpers
gonzo utilities	gonzo tutorial	avuncular sleezoids	low digital sinewaves
ps writes shtml	tri-mode PostScript	circle approx	student papers
powerpt emulation	nonlinear graphics	magic lamp	pixel interpolat
hanging images	enameled groundswill	architect perspect	vignette bkground
explore bitmaps	awful puns	build this TVT	trashing auto electr
tinaja questing	logfile analysis	all web files	all web ".psl" files

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January 3, 2020
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Phased out our whtnu19.shtml blog and started a new whtnu20.shtml one.

Yeah, we are working on making this much more mobile friendly. This may take a while. The first three candidates will be this blog, the homepage, and Gila Hikes..

Meanwhile, much of this "proudly, purposely and intentionally retro" website design works best with larger screens and is more than likely to stay that way.

So, please use big screens!

January 2, 2020
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Just posted a Dr. Neely paper on the riverine San Jose Canal. Managed to compact it somewhat.

More on the bajada canals here, here, here, and here.

January 1, 2020
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Similarly, a complete directory of HTML5 commands along with interactive exercises can be found here. Again, it almost certainly pays to cycle each and every entry.

Many of the earlier HTML commands have now gotten depreciated by CSS and typically will generate errors in the usual Verify Web resource, along with its Verify CSS and Verify URL companions.

Among other no-no's are upper case and certain width and height commands. Even tables are strongly discouraged with their recommended replacements using newer CSS techniques.

December 31, 2019
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A complete directory of CSS commands along with interactive exercises can be found here..

There really aren't than many commands, when you allow for all the related or "gee whiz" ones. It almost certainly pays to cycle each and every entry.

Note that these commands interact with the HTML5 ones and may not be available on older browsers.

December 30, 2019
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We have already seen that there is a sitemap.xml file that is essential for your website to dramatically improve your SEO search engine optimization. And that it has other benefits of finding web errors and helping your viewers spot your more obscure files.

We also saw that this source is one free to low cost resource for generating your own greatly improved sitemap1.pdf "or " .xsl eliminator" files.

But there is also a serious downside. There are now malware services that use your .xml files to "click here to steal an entire website".

Used even once, this may triple your normal web hits at questionable benefit to you. Used several times a day might mightily piss off your ISP. And clearly consist of a DOS denial of services attack.

There are several workarounds. The simplest is to block any "steal this site" hits when and where they show up.

These are obvious whenever your hourly traffic suddenly goes through the roof. Sourcecode for a fancier tool can be found here and an example here. With the rest of the gang here.

Better might be to try and get your ISP to throttle more than, perhaps 200 immediate hits and then inserting a few seconds delay per hit after that.

Requiring "steal the plans" permission each time is a polite solution that ain't likely to happen.

Please let me know any alternative solutions.

December 29, 2019
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Time for our usual end-of-year predictions...

Stunning breakthroughs in quantum computing making highly disrupting cryptocurrency value generation nearly free.

Because of their production similarities between cotton and marijuana, standardization emerging on 500 pound bales. With partial bales being deemed "personal use".

A rapidly accelerating rate of conversions of the few remaining coal fired power plants into singles bars. As their highest and best use.

Single passenger drones ( possibly tethered ) that make border fences even more utterly ludicrous.

Dramatic improvements in presently terrible HVAC. In theory the SEER max is 300 or a COP of 120.

Effective solutions in making older display or print formatted info becoming much more mobile friendly.

Significant improvements in solid state Peltier-like cooling, but still restricted to specialty aps.

All hell breaking loose after PV cell pricing having already blasted through the crucial eight cents per peak cell watt threshold like it was not even there.

Utter dominance of LED lighting techniques driven by its outstanding efficiency and design flexibility. Especially for vehicle headlights.

Hangnails rapidly becoming a qualifying condition for medical marijuana.

The latest in nootropics going well beyond placebos and possibly even impacting Alzheimers.

Significant improvements in Google Drive getting able to not choke on PostScript.

Resolution of open source and creative commons issues in scholarly publishing, with embargo times newly a year or less.

Increasing climatic and weather variability, along with the size and frequency of outrageous fires. All clearly caused by human activity. As to the deniers, they better hope and pray that it is human caused, because otherwise it will be a lot harder to fix.

Imminent elimination of the traditional outrageous federal farm subsidies and price supports dropping marijuana pricing into the 59 cents per pound range. With tax revenue estimates off a tad, but perhaps only by four or five orders of magnitude.

Several major dental breakthroughs.

Libraries dramatically downscaled or repurposed based on information no longer needing returned.

December 28, 2019
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The latest update for our Bajada Hanging Canal image menu is newly available here with its sourcecode here.

Yeah, Its taking a long time, but we probably are halfway there. More on the canals here, here, here, and here

December 27, 2019
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A heretical approach to understanding and using field theory appears a Fun with Fields and More Fun with Fields.

The technique is so stunningly simple it can even be used to generate vignettes such as these.

December 26, 2019
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The Curious Saga of the Magic Lamp.

December 25, 2019
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One of the hallmark features of our prehistoric bajada hanging canals is that many of them were literally "hung" on the edges of steep sided mesas. Making both their slopes independent of local terrain (!) and representing utterly sophisticated world class engineering.

Sometimes the hanging portions were even used to go "down" to the top of a mesa!

To date, hanging canal examples of comparable scope and extent and stature remain rare in the American Southwest, and the best world wide known similar examples are the historic Levadas of Madeira.

BUT - we have this nearby San Jose Canal which is clearly riverine and Gila River Sourced and likely Hohokam that seemed to use the bottom edge of a mesa for slope maintenance.

While possibly of a much lesser technology, the obvious question is what relationship, if any, this larger canal had with the bajada hanging canals. Which otherwise studiously avoided all of the riverine ones.

The question remains open. Your comments are welcome. More photos here.

This Gila riverine canal is rare in that it was not historically rebuilt. Its modern replacement lies somewhat to the west. The original still remains obvious and easily visited.

December 24, 2019
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Two utterly fascinating places can be found here and here.

Although somewhat out of range, I've added these as our latest Gila Valley Dayhikes. I've also picked up the long missing Biosphere II. . I actually met two of the original biospherians long ago and far away.

This brings our Gila Hike main entry total to 578.

December 23, 2019
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Speaking Tucsoneese (aka "Nogales Junction" ):

R.O.B.'s ---> Regular Old Brownies

Or here for Pittsburgheese.

December 22, 2019
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The way things were.

December 21, 2019
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Can't put one over on her. Nosiree.

A little old lady to her friend at a live auction: "Why, that man has been talking all morning!"

December 20, 2019
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Someone historically added a four inch pipe with a 175 foot head to a remote mesa edge of one of our bajada prehistoric canals. At first glance, this might seem to offer a really better than most pico hydro opportunity. What do the numbers predict?

As a fireman's best guess, I'd estimate the effective friction loss at a deliverable 200 gpm. We can use this link to change this to .012 cubic meters per second.

Using this site and values of .012 cubic meters per second 53.35 meters of head and default densities and efficiencies, the theoretical power available is 5.65 kilowatts.

Or just over fifty cents at a dime per kilowatt hour. Assuming a rather steep mesa edge slope of 60%.

Most real world pico sites, of course, do not come even remotely near this flow rate and friction loss and its effective height. 175 feet of genuine head is utterly and totally exceptional. This equals a static pressure of 175 x 0.434 = 75.9 psi.

It is not yet clear whether power generation was in fact done. There are several similar pipes of much less head used for irrigation or cattle tanks.

December 19, 2019
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The overwhelming majority of "pico hydro" projects are likely to prove extremely bad.

First, because of a failure to "do the math" which you will find here. Hydro takes an enormous amount of water or an enormous amount of head. With few, if any, exceptions.

Second, because of a failure to appreciate just how much of a bargain a ten cent kilowatt hour really is. Until you try to produce one by running up stairs continuously for two and one half hours. Per this analysis.

Third, because of a usual failure to accurately and continuously measure the power generated and delivered and matched to the end use loads. The chances are overwhelming that the final delivered power ends up utterly negligible. And certainly a rude surprise.

Fourth, and as any fireman can tell you, the friction losses in any pipe are significant and end up utterly ludicrous in a garden hose. Thus negating much and possibly nearly all of the theoretical head. Per this calculator..

Fifth, car alternators are woefully inefficient. Their primary design goals are cost and reliability. Their efficiency can easily end up under fifty percent.

December 18, 2019
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The saga of the dripping stalactite gives you the back story of where our Magic Sinewaves came from.

These were originally based on trying to get chords out of the Apple IIe binary speaker. And started out as an exhaustive search of all possible binary sequences of length "n".

Which conclusively proved beyond a shadow of doubt that there seem to be a lot of 420 bit binary words. Around 2.707685e+126 give or take a few strays. This severely taxed the Apple IIe skill set, so we had to go to PostScript.

But 420 bit long words ended up much too short to get at the really good stuff. Eventually, a genuine magic set of numbers was found that zeroed out any chosen number of low harmonics. And did so at the maximum possible efficiency owing to the absolute minimum number of switch events.

Any sharp edged binary waveform will, of course, have to have some harmonics somewhere. Magic Sinewaves move these remaining harmonics very high in frequency by way of spectrum management. Where they can be more easily dealt with by use of filtering and other methods.

A calculator here. Much more here.

December 17, 2019
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We "sort of" have a live chat service on our Guru's Lair website, along with edited comment feedback and even a live no charge telephone tech helpline.

Just click on "respond" or "email" when and where they occur on the website.. Or call us at 928 428-4073.

December 16, 2019
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How to bash pseudoscience.

BTW, it has been thoroughly proven that any overunity free energy device that includes a 555 timer is a bogus scam. No exceptions to this rule have ever been found!

This can greatly simplify your discrediting such ludicrosities. Much more here.

December 15, 2019
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This link lets you check your website performance on lower resolution screens.

December 14, 2019
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Elegant Simplicity.

December 13, 2019
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Yeah, our Guru's Lair mobile compatibility sucks.

First, because it is a huge site with over 2200 major pages. Second, because many of those pages have detailed tech coverage of "retro" topics. And, third, because the overall appearance of the site is both intentionally and purposely classically "retro".

We are slowly working on correcting some of the more blatant mobile problems, but the bottom line is that much of the content ( and nearly all of the nav ) simply demands larger screen viewing.

So, we request that you view the Guru's Lair on a larger screen.

December 12, 2019
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How to scam a student paper..

December 11, 2019
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As to the CMOS Cookbook, find its free download here, along with dozens of others. The most popular of which are currently found here, here, here, here, and here.

Also available are thousands of free reprints, many of which are of classic electronic construction projects and tutorial. USB's of nearly one each of everything are also available. As are our eBay offerings. Videos here and here

Other foci of our website include prehistoric bajada hanging canals, Gila Valley dayhikes, PostScript as language, xsl eliminators, avuncular sleezoids, poison ivy i a spray can, fractal ferns, slamming the hydrogen
ludicrosity, new Google Drive code, Marcia Swampfelder, marbelosities, patent diatribes, and expanded new menus.

Plus great heaping bunches more.

December 10, 2019
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I welcome all of our new visitors who have been breaking attendance records the last few days. Many of you are after Magic Sinewave info and others are downloading our free CMOS Cookbooks.

Please let me know where you first heard about us.

Magic Sinewaves are a new class of mathematical functions that promise to significantly improve the efficient generation of power digital sinewaves.

They are highly efficient in that they use far fewer switching events than classic PWM and feature the ability to force ANY chosen number of low harmonics to zero (!) in theory and to astonishingly low values in real world quantization.

You can find the main directory here, a tutorial here, a three phase tutorial here, an executive guide here and our latest incredibly fast calculator here.

The math has been fully verified as valid by at least one competent and independent mathematician whose link is available on request. The latest Raspberry Pi sourcecode excerpts can be found here.

Testing ongoing. Consulting services available.

December 9, 2019
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We have added a bunch of new menu and navigation files to our website. These easily let you reach just about every file on the entire website.

The two biggies are our .xsl eliminators. Use this one and its sourcecode for site nav, and this one and its sourcecode to menu tour the canal images.

Otherwise, check these out...

https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap.xml
https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap_images.xml
https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap_video.xml
https://www.tinaja.com/glotz1_video.xsl

https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap1.html
https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap2.html
https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap3.html
https://www.tinaja.com/sitemap1.txt
https://www.tinaja.com/whtnu.xml

December 8, 2019
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Enameled dealing with four paws and groundswill

December 7, 2019
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There are two flavors of Windows filenames, relative and absolute. With absolute, the exact full filename is needed and any reuse ( such as saving to USB or selling a copy, or moving to another machine ) will likely be wildly wrong. With a relative filename, only the name itself gets used with the assumption it either is in the current directory or nearby.

Ferinstance...

/greatfile is in the same directory
/zorch/greatfile is one directory down
/zorch/zounds/greatfile is two direct down
../greatfile is one directory up
../../greatfile is two directories up.

December 6, 2019
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Newly updated and expanded our Gila Valley Day Hikes. We are now up to 575 primary entries!

Expanded info on our artesian stuff, announced a pair of new hanging canals that could use your exploration help, and listed our new canal imaging menu and sourcecode. Plus added a new viewport.

More details on a few lesser known hikes here.

December 5, 2019
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We looked at the Speake FGM-1 earth magnetic field sensor here. A new winding has since been added and its linearity now ( with adjustments ) can approach 0.2 percent PWM output. Details here.

It is still a little pricey but now is Arduino compatible and has at least one replacement source

December 4, 2019
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A local library has just shut down for a year's worth of remodeling.

The fundamental premise of a library is that information has to be returned. This concept is now somewhere between quaint and ludicrous.

December 3, 2019
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Phone robocalls seem to have gotten completely out of control.

Two tricks we use are first to answer with your phone number. This causes them to loose their place in the script.

A second tip: quietly tell the "There is nobody here by that name".

When they start arguing, respond with "I'm sorry about your hearing problem."

Above all, absolutely minimize their total time with you. Further confrontation only pisses them off while stealing your time.

December 2, 2019
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Has something bad happened to Wesrch? This major open source paper resource seems to have vanished without a trace. Web comments are conspicuously absent. Your comments welcome.

December 1, 2019
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I've got a sneaky "website malware attack detector" built into this sourcecode and this demo.

We pride ourselves in keeping 404 errors to an absolute minimum, helped along by these daily reports. Except for a very few "intentionals" that temporarily aide our image report development.

So, anybody that gets eight or more 404's is likely looking for vulnerable attack points that simply are not there, were never there, and will never be there. Other parts of the software let you in fact verify the bad guy attacks.

On our website at this time, such attacks often are under one percent of the total visitors. It is not clear whether blocking will do more harm than good.

November 30, 2019
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I recently had a malware attack that featured a three inch square ad lower right overwhelming everything over and over again.

My usual first check is to look into the "remove programs" feature of the control panel to see if there are any recent dates of unwanted software entry. This did not help, and with some testing I convinced myself that my problem was Chrome related.

The problem was apparently at least temporarily solved by clicking the three Chrome dots upper right followed by Advanced followed by Cleanup Computer.

This gave an immediate fix but at a horrible price: It eliminated all cookies and saved passwords! If you try this, be sure first that the problem seems Chrome related and then make sure you record your passwords for immediate reentry.

November 29, 2019
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Supraluminal dowsing for Brown's Gas in Roswell.

November 28, 2019
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The essential very first step in mangki any web page mobile friendly is to add this line to the top of your code...

If this is a problem, you should get a "Viewport not set" error message. More details here and here. Some browsers may set the viewport for you if it is missing.

On larger or fancier websites, it may pay to initially add this command to your more popular pages You can find your most popular pages with something like the Fatcow stats, or we have more detailed popularity analysis code here and an example here.

We looked at some steps to improve .PDF files for mobile friendliness here.

November 27, 2019
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Fundamental Factors Underlying Recent Technological Innovation. Sourcecode here.

November 26, 2019
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If you check this source and this one, pv pricing has just broken through the eight cents per peak cell watt barrier!

I feel this is a magic "all hell breaks loose" limit to the overwhelming rapid development and use of photovoltaics.

And it seems to be crashing through like it was not even there. Contributing to the breakthrough are ongoing learning curve economics, a reduced spread between minimal and premium cells, and expected major cost and efficiency breakthroughs in Perovskites.

The pricing has been dropping so rapidly that the new tariffs have no effect whatsoever. The new price with tariff is much less than the old price without.

I'd predict the next barrier/breakthrough limit to come in at five cents per peak cell watt. At this point, the horrible shackles of net metering and all pv subsidies could be eliminated entirely.

Meanwhile, of course, the conversion of coal power plants into singles bars continues unabated.

November 25, 2019
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If my website observations are correct, the overwhelming majority of sites are finding AdSense income to end up somewhere between disappointing and utterly useless.

I'd predict the minimum profitable AdSense participating site to need 70,000 users per day of uniquely sole sourced, often updated, non-obnoxious, mobile friendly, and very in demand content.

I wrote some site analysis software you can find here with its demo here. Not surprisingly, it totally agrees with Fatcow's user stats. But for every 1000 unique visitors, I'd expect 3000 or so page views of a single ad each.

Adsense only reports 125 or so page views!

The least sinister explanation for this is that the vast majority of my viewers now have an ad blocker installed. An ad blocker that totally trashes AdSense but still may let bunches of viri and malware through.

Another factor might involve browser caching.

Note that "hits" are vastly overinflated compared to "pages". The usual exchange rate is 6:1 to 15:1 caused by other needed page downloads and 301's.

Ad blocker workarounds can be found here.

Also not surprising, AdSense pays a lot more for a click through than it does for a page view. I seem to be getting only one click through per 4000 site visitors. A response rate of a pitiful 0.025 percent.

The least sinister explanation for this is that web users have been conditioned over and over again to NEVER click through to an unknown site. Due, of course, to viri, malware, and worse. Creating highly negative vibes of ANY ad, anyplace, anytime.

I did find one way to modestly but significantly increase AdSense response. Bringing it clear up into the "pocket change" area.

While little known, most search engines look for files that are named sitemap.xml, sitemap_image.xml and sitemap_video.xml. Not offering these files is sheer folly. Details here.

.xml's are usually enhanced with companion .xsl files, but some .xsl eliminators such as this one or this one can give you superbly better results. Sourcecode here and here.

November 24, 2019
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Our Hanging Canal image guide is slowly approaching half way. Find it here and its sourcecode here.

For more on our canals, start with this Wikipedia Article, and, if you can afford it, this professional paper. A free author's preprint can be found here.

A few odd 404's may be present. These ease our new entry process. Please check back later.

A paper with bunches of links that we use for some of our talks appears here. And our latest free video can be found here.

November 23, 2019
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There's a number of things you can do to make a .PDF file more web friendly. These mods usually need the Pro version of Acrobat 10 or later, or else use of the Adobe Creative Cloud...

Restrict downloads to Acrobat 10 or later.
Convert scans into searchable text.
Optimize file size.
Restrict .JPG quality if appropriate.
Downsample image sizes if appropriate.
Conduct other optimizations.
Check into discard objects options.
Separately optimize for mobile versions.

More options here . If all else fails, rewrite with raw PostScript using our Gonzo Utilities and Tutorial. While labor intensive, this can sometimes dramatically reduce file sizes and viewability. More here.

November 22, 2019
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I just modified a version of our ISMM Incredible Secret Money Machine free eBook so it can be more mobile friendly.

Find the original here and the mobile version here. Please report any issues. More eBooks here.

November 21, 2019
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Eastern Arizona College seems to have gotten into the Public Service auction website with several dozen offerings. They are expected to continue with more. Eastern Arizona College seems to have gotten into the Public Service auction website with several dozen offerings. They are expected to continue with more.

Present bids on computers and monitors are a dollar each! Historically, they have had lots of great stuff at their earlier live auctions.

November 20, 2019
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Here's a summary of where we are in our spectacular series of Prehistoric Bajada Hanging Canal discoveries:

The canal all time engineering is clearly world class and is otherwise beyond beyond. These date from the 1350's. So far, we have a hundred study areas and a total length of 150 miles (!) from which "they" literally exploited every drop of Mount Graham runoff.

Parts of these canals were literally "hung" on the edges of steep sided mesas in incredibly hostile terrain. Thus making their slope independent of topography and showing an absolute mastery of water source engineering

Start with this Wikipedia Article, and, if you can afford it, this latest professional paper. A free author's preprint can be downloaded here. A paper with bunches of links that we use for some of our talks appears here. And our latest free video can be found here.

The vid is newly downloadable and Creative Commons distributable. You are encouraged to upload this to the widest possible audience.

Our latest and still incomplete project is a directory of all the annotated images including locations. We are only roughly halfway on this, so please keep checking back. Find the image menu here and its sourcecode here.

Besides lots of links here, we are also in Research Gate, Wesrch, and several others including American Radio History. As are USB's with nearly all available content.

Your participation and support is welcome. This is a superb way for you to instantly participate in world class scientific research.

But your easiest and cheapest access is to simply click through top of screen on our website.

November 19, 2019
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I still need your help in adding to our free eBook collection. Whose current top five are currently TTL, ISMM, TVT, CMOS, and ACTIVE.

In particular, I still need a March 1968 Electronics scan of "For low cost, count on RTL". Plus a scan of "Micro Cookbook, Volume I".

Also needed are the Spanish and the Pacific Rim versions of the TTL Cookbooks.

And, if I can find somebody with a serious compulsive obsessive disorder, please send me a scan of the "Hexadecimal Chronicles".

The latter of which was authored by an Apple IIe (!) and error free typeset by a Diablo 630.

November 18, 2019
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The encounter of the long count keeper.

November 17, 2019
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Yesterday's trip revealed a possible extension to the Smith Canal here with an image here.

While still wildly unproven, this could be a source for the Central Dump canal. Besides strengthening the case that the rebuild of the Smith canal was in fact a historical rework of only a small portion of the entire canal.

The combined length would also newly be consistent with the length of many of the other canal routings.

Much more on the canals here, here, here, and here.

Your participation welcome.

November 16, 2019
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Don't miss these videos here, here, here, here, and here! With bunches more here.

November 15, 2019
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The worst of Marcia Swampfelder can be found here.

The insider secrets of how Marcia created the tapioca pudding scene in the film noir cross-genre classic Godzilla versus the Night Nurses remain under strict NDA.

Because of the court order of protection and the restraining orders issued by the Tapioca Pudding Institute, Marcia's film never reached the theaters, going instead directly to release on eight track.

November 14, 2019
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Remember that sitemap.xml, sitemap_image.xml and
sitemap_video.xml are super important web resources for SEO search engine optimizations.

Besides doubling for error detection and maintenance as well as giving your viewers access to complete lists of all available files. Other maint tools here.

One useful source of free to low cost sitemap generators is https://pro-sitemaps.com. Companion .xsl files are sometimes needed to fancify the display of .xml info, but these are not normally used or needed by the SEO Robots

.xsl files can be obtuse, difficult, and can give downright ugly results, so I have come up with a set of .xsl eliminators that create superb quality .PDF substitutions for you.

Find a file solution here with its sourcecode here. And an image solution here with its sourcecode here.

Consulting services available.

November 13, 2019
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Here is how to generate a list of all our .PSL files...

1. Go to sitemap1.pdf
2. Search on ".psl".

Also works on many other trailers as well.

November 12, 2019
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Finding accurate slope information for all our bajada prehistoric hanging canals can be enormously difficult.

An essential hallmark of any canal is that its slope must be held exactly constant over long distances, or typically just under two percent. Less than that and you don't get enough water. More than that and you self-destruct.

Hillocks need not apply.

Compounding the problem is that many of our canals show a very strong "water flows uphill" illusion.

It sure is tempting to use the elevation figures from Google Earth. And these do often seem to verify what you hoped they would show you. But the underlying satellite imagery is only vertically accurate to a few hundred feet.

And thus Google Earth's altitude info is utterly and totally useless in verifying prehistoric canal slopes! It does, though sometimes give you a warm and fuzzy feeling.

GPS is not much more of a help in that its unassisted vertical accuracy is MUCH worse than horizontal, especially if only a few satellites are present or if some are near the horizon.

Garmin attempted to improve this by building in barometric sensing altimeters in their receivers. While much better, they introduce a weather dependent factor that is still huge when compared to our needed canal measurement accuracy.

One hack is to field measure forward and then return to your
starting point, averaging your results. Or, better yet, repeat
your back and forth measurements a number of times. Or, as
pilots do, real time measure your airport barometric pressure.

You can find typical barometric variations here as well as spot the times of day when they are fairly flat. The relationship that is between barometric pressure and altitude error can be found here.

Where we see that an hour's change in weather might end up as
30.10/30.06 - 1 = .00133. And that a 500 foot change at 3000 feet
might be 26.82 /26.33 -1 = 0.0186 equal to a one foot change of 0.0000372 or an error of 35.75 feet!

Thus, precision survey techniques may be needed. But these are of little help when scouring web images for new canals.

And, judging by a total undiscovered lack of survey instruments, pilot extensions of the canals themselves might have in fact been water levels used for construction.

One sledgehammer cure is called an automatic level. This is a type of transit with a built in leveling pendulum that gives you a level line of sight. Much more on the canals here, here, here, and here. Your participation welcome.

November 11, 2019
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Several of you have asked how our brand new and spectacular .xsl eliminators work. And how they can instantly get rid of all of the .xsl obtuseness, learning curves, and downright awful final appearance.

Just read your .xml file with PostScript! As its first simple and easy task converting the .xml data into an" array of arrays" key info. Then point this array in the general direction of Acrobat .PDF for the best final results anyplace anytime.

The only tiny insider secret is to be sure to activate Acrobat Distiller from your command line with the //acrodist /F "bubble bubble toil and trouble" incantation GhostScript might also be useful.

Two impressive examples here and here, with their sourcecode here and here.

Consulting services available.

November 10, 2019
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A reminder that we've just made some major upgrades in our website nav. With nearly all files and many images and dozens of video links newly available...

sitemap.xml
sitemap1.pdf *
sitemap1.psl *

sitemap_images.xml
imenu1.pdf *
imenu1.psl *

sitemap_video.xml
glotz1_video.xsl
whtnu.xsl

* - These are .xsl eliminators!

November 9, 2019
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A new set of image menus that include locations and documentation are coming together for our prehistoric bajada hanging canals.

A monumental amount of work still needs done and there's still typos and 404's and such. But you can see where we are headed here with recent sourcecode here. Please check back often.

You are welcome to field proof most of these.

November 8, 2019
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Director's Cuts" are my scheme for restoring and improving Linotype Era technical reprints. This method is labor and time intensive, but produces spectacular results. Some examples...

AACB1"Level II" Rework
Applewriter Cookbook and sourcecode
Fasterized Fractal Fern and sourcecode
MLPCI "Level II" Rework and sourcecode
Paleomagnetism & Archaeomagnetism and sourcecode
Poison Ivy in a Spray Canad sourcecode
SigForth Intro to PostScript and sourcecode
Superclock Rework
Tearing Method from Enhance I and sourcecode
Thermoluminescence and sourcecode
TVT Image Rework
Winning the Micro Game and sourcecode

Custom services available.

November 7, 2019
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Some of our GuruGrams seem to have never gotten properly main page indexed. Such as these...

123 Prehistoric Bajada Canals of Southeastern AZ
122 Glyphs Hanging Canal Summary
121 Little Known Gila Valley Dayhikes
120 Apple Assembly Cookbook I and II
119 Web Friendly PS Colors
118 Some "Fat Tail Arrow" Utilities
117 Level II Precyber eBook Conversions
116 Restoring Faded or Scuffed Text
115 An "unhalftoning" scheme for eBooks
114 Remastering a Technical Book
113 Allen Reservoir Failure Analysis Docs
112 Prehistoric Hanging Canals Slide Show
111 My Metal Locater Thesis
110 Remastering Video for Web Distribution
109 Gauss-Jordan Stability Issues

November 6, 2019
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It has been a while, but I long ago predicted the latest James Dean movie. I called it the "Digital Bogey"..

Find the story here and more detail in part 71 of this anthology. Here's the rest of the series...

Emerging technical opportunities VII
Emerging technical opportunities VI
Emerging technical opportunities V
Emerging technical opportunities IV
Emerging technical opportunities III
Emerging technical opportunities II
Emerging technical opportunities I

Find the rest of the blats here.

November 5, 2019
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Thought I'd review some of our newest and best stuff. Latest is our Hanging Canal image menu. Find it here with its sourcecode here. This is very much a work in progress, so keep checking back.

Newly added our CMOS Cookbook to our ebooks. Other currently popular ebooks include ISMM, TTL, TVT, and Active.

I recently discovered how crucially important Sitemap Files are for SEO. Upon investigation, these also turn out super important for web maintenance along with these tools. They also give website end users access to each and every file in your entire website!

So, here's the latest on our newest and best...

sitemap.xml
sitemap1.pdf *
sitemap1.psl *

sitemap_images.xml
imenu1.pdf *
imenu1.psl *

sitemap_video.xml
glotz1_video.xsl
whtnu.xsl

* - These are .xsl eliminators !!

We also have a new collection of triply compatible PostScript-GoogleDrive-GhostSript demos and utilities that are summarized here.

And, speaking of videos, here's the latest, unlocked, and newly freely downloadable version. Along with good old number one.

November 4, 2019
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Above and beyond our Bajada Hanging Canals, there are bunches of obscure regional stuff you can find on our Guru's Lair.

One of the biggies is our Gila Valley Day Hikes, along with its more detailed Little Known Gila Hikes. I've long been a fan of the Mount Graham Tramway, and you can find more details on this here, here, and here.

Besides the tram, I'm also a fan of engineering disasters when and where they happen. Find the scant and hard to pin down info on the Allen Dam Disaster here. Local lore had this as a water skiing facility.

Plus, of course, this secret place that you can't get to from here. Do not try this at home!

November 3, 2019
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Thanks to stack overflow to pointing out that extracting image pixel info often not needs a programming language. Instead, operating system command line instructions can be used.

Three solutions are apparent: .BAT files, Windows Power Shell, and Mediainfo. The latter seems to work just fine.

November 2, 2019
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Some comments on our new hanging canal master menu index found here with its sourcecode here.

First, this is a work in progress that is not nearly ready for prime time. Many, many images need entered or updates or corrections. A huge amount of effort remains.

Secondly, your first pass of the sourcecode to Distiller's command line //acrodist /F will generate an insanely large .PDF file. Probably done because Distiller initially keeps huge .JPEG data present. Such data is not needed since the menu clicks through to other web sources. So, be sure to use Acrobat to optimize your .pdf size results.

Present optimal size should be around 6 megs, which considering that thumbnails for a zillion images are involved is not all that bad. This will expand somewhat as new photos are added or edited.

Thirdly, avoid ever having more than one huge file on your machine. Eliminate them as soon as possible.

Fourth, although there are white keys and black keys, I've always tended to play in the cracks. Each image has two links on top of each other, where the image expands while the text expounds.

It is not at all clear how Acrobat prioritizes multiple overlapping links, but it seems to do so just fine. Please report any rules on this that you may find.

It may be needed to further reduce the thumbnail quality and size on the final project. Or else split it into several files. Image quality should not be that big a deal on a click through thumbnail.

November 1, 2019
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A slowdown in your comm speeds over time can usually be traced to Ethernet Tokens that are either corroded or grime covered.

The usual treatment is to use Brasso. But a better long term solution is to gold plate the tokens and then flash overplate them with a few microinches of rhodium.

More here.

October 31, 2019
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Just added a new master menu index for most of our prehistoric bajada hanging canal images. Find the initial demo here and its sourcecode here.

Much more on the canals here, here, here, and here.

Your participation in this world class research project is welcome here. Drone expertise is particularly needed.

October 30, 2019
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Our .pdf replacement for .xsl on sitemap.xml seems to work just fine. Just "press the button" for instant generation using this sourcecode.

But there are several major issues with a .pdf replacement for sitemap_images.xml. Although so far, we have come up with this spectacular replacement using this software.

There are two steps to the process. First is the conversion of sitemap_images.xml to an array of subarrays of form [ url_full_filename short_filename xpixels ypixels ].

One tiny immediate problem is that xpixels and ypixels are easily found in Windows by right clicking on image properties. Which presently adds six hours (!) of manual processing to what should be a fast automated task. Please email me a fast and easy workaround.

The second step in the process is to use PostScript to create a .pdf eliminator for .xml. I am very much overly enameled with my jpegimageprocwithlink code. This demands .jpg files only and copies of the files both on the website and the home pc. It also works best if all .jpg images are in a single directory.

Nonetheless, this .jpg .xml elimination scheme would seem to have enormous potential. And - obviously- is even useful as is.

October 29, 2019
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OK, here's a status report on out new major Guru's Lair improvements.

We've seen that adding sitemap.xml, sitemap_video.xml and sitemap_images.xml to our older whtnu.xml is super important for SEO search visibility.

Underappreciated is that these files can have two other major uses. First, with the help of PRO-sitemaps.com or similar, you can get reports that are extremely useful to find and fix your website problems. These can be easily combined with the other repair tools that we use.

Second, by the use of "real" .xsl stylesheets or our brand new .pdf stylesheet .xsl eliminator replacements, all sorts of highly useful "menu cliickthroughs" can now be created for your web end users.

Stylesheets are not needed for normal SEO uses. If used, they must be in the same directory as the .xml file and the xml file has to be told the .xsl location by entry of a second from the top line something like..

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="glotz1.xsl" ?>

In general, .xsl stylesheets can be obtuse and hard to work with. Let's look at three use or avoidance apps...

In the case of our sitemap.xml, a .pdf eliminator of sitemapt1.pdf was created using this sourcecode. The flexibility and quality here clearly exceeds most .xsl.

You create the .pdf file using sitemap1.psl routed to Acrobat Distiller via a command line //acrodist /F. This will need redone each time you want a viewer update.

In the case of our sitemap_video.xml , a renamed glotz1.xsl was located and linked. Its video manipulation ( especially the thumbnail images ) were good enough to not yet pursue a .pdf workaround.

In the case of our sitemap_images.xml, a .pdf eliminator was pursued that led to this stunning image directory and its sourcecode. But the process on this is not yet fully automatic and other issues remain to be addressed.

October 28, 2019
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Using .PDF as a sitemap_ image xsl eliminator can be tricky and may involve some manual intervention. But as this demo and this sourcecode shows us, it most certainly can be done.

It is particularly useful to give all your web users a complete menu of all your selected images!

October 27, 2019
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The lf, fj, cg, rj, and friends justification routines in our gonzo utilities and its tutorial are super powerful and easily deal with mixed paragraphs, kerning, use of multiple fonts, selective colors, plus bunches more.

Their key secret is deferred operation where the current positioning waits until final locations are known.

But there are times and places where you might not want to tow along most or all of gonzo. Instead, here is a pair of center and right justification routines that only work on single font "no frills" left justification...

/simplecj { dup stringwidth pop currentpoint
3 1 roll exch 2 div sub exch moveto show} store

/simplerj { dup stringwidth pop currentpoint
3 1 roll exch sub exch moveto show} store

Used like this...

20 30 moveto (your text here) simplecj

October 26, 2019
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Here's a reminder over our "new" bubble sort routines.

They can be significantly faster for most users most of the time in that they exit their loops if there was no previous change made. Results might now be two seconds for 2000 sorts.

This code sorts an array of integers, reals, or strings...

/bubsort3a {/curmat1 exch store
curmat1 length 1 sub -1 1
{/done true store
/maxposition exch store
0 1 maxposition 1 sub
{/posn exch store
curmat1 posn get
curmat1 posn 1 add get
gt{curmat1 posn get
curmat1 posn 1 add get
curmat1 exch posn exch put
curmat1 exch posn 1 add exch put
/done false store
}if
} for
done {exit} if % stop on no swaps
} for
curmat1
} bind store

A minor gotcha on sorting strings: PostScript does a lexical sort, as do most other languages. Thus, your end sequence might be 1, 10, 11, 2, 3, 4, ... and you may want to make a manual adjustment to get a "true" alphanumeric result.

This code sorts an array of arrays. In this case, it sorts on the second entry of the subarray...

/bubsort3b {/curmat1 exch store
curmat1 length 1 sub -1 1
{/done true store
/maxposition exch store
0 1 maxposition 1 sub
{/posn exch store
curmat1 posn get 1 get
curmat1 posn 1 add get 1 get
gt{curmat1 posn get
curmat1 posn 1 add get
curmat1 exch posn exch put
curmat1 exch posn 1 add exch put
/done false store
}if
} for % inner loop
done {exit} if
} for
curmat1
} bind store

October 25, 2019
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Managed to get sitemap_video.xml to work in the expected manner. The key to the image thumbnails lies in involvement with a Google video scheema.

First, you somehow acquire lawful IP rights to the related .xsl. Save this to an appropriate directory such as your home page with the filename glotz1.xsl.

Similarly, somehow acquire lawful IP rights to the main .xml. Enter an editor and enter...

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="glotz1.xsl" ?>

...as your second line from the top of the doc.

Then save as a suitable original or new filename. Make sure both the .xml and .xsl files are both in the same directory!

Your end users should now have fancy access to every vid ever mentioned on your website.

See if you can spot what's "not quite right" here. Avoid the use of "pinafore" in your reply.

October 24, 2019
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As we just discovered, such files as sitemap.xml, or sitemap_images.xml and sitemap_video.xml are super important and primary routes towards SEO search engine optimization. Stylesheets are not needed or used for these SEO uses.

Underappreciated is that there are at least two other uses of stitemaps that could end up at least as important to you as SEO.

Web sitemap generators such as the superb PRO-sitemaps.com can give you details on nearly all of the errors in your entire website. These can be hard to find with any other web repair tools.

And second, these can lead to interactive insider clickable lists for your end users that show all of your website features. Per this demo or this one.

October 23, 2019
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Here's some of the advantages of using XSL eliminators:

1. You don't need to learn XSL.
2. .PDF graphics are better.
3. No need to modify XML.
4. Better display flexibility.
5. Simple alphabetizing .
6. Minimal IP issues.

You do, of course, keep the original .XML files so they can be accessed for SEO by search engines. XSL files are not needed for this use.

A second fake sitemap demo sourcecode can be found here with its sourcecode here. This one adds a filter so that only our website .psl files are shown. Internal flags are easily adjusted to meet your own needs.

The .PSL format is designed to open in a text editor, while any companion .PS file is intended to open in Distiller.

With .PSL, best start here with these latest demos that also happen to be GhostScript and Google Drive compatible. Then go on to the video, the beginning projects, the manual, and all the sneaky stuff.

Modern .PSL files are normally run in Acrobat Distiller from the command line via //acrodist /F. It is super important to change internal flags. And especially filenames and their prefixes before you reuse any code.

October 22, 2019
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Started a new tentative series of "XSL Eliminators".

These convert certain unmodified sightmap.xml's into all sorts of new display and linking features.

In their spare time, they can give you immediate and total instant access to nearly all of our website files!

Find the first .pdf demo here and its .psl sourcecode here. You run .psl sourcecode by command reaching Acrobat Distiller with an //acrodist /F.

Much more here and here. Your comments welcome.

October 21, 2019
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An interesting list alphabetizing interactive online service can be found here.

Our new and improved and faster bubble sort can be found here.

At present, it sorts an array of arrays on each second subarray entry. I'm exploring its use with strings, but do not anticipate any problems. Stay tuned.

October 20, 2019
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Per this source and this one, pv pricing continues its ongoing decline. Their figures seem slightly different at a minimum of 9.0 or 9.9 cents per peak cell watt.

I feel the magic "all hell breaks loose" number is eight cents per peak cell watt. Combined, of course, with the ongoing rapidly increasing conversions of coal power plants into singles bars.

More on nonlinear transforms here.

August 12, 2019
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For years, I have been touting this formula as a solution to 2D perspective transformation...

x' = yo (x - xo ) / (y + yo )
y' = yo (z - zo ) / (y + yo )

This can be explored with this new sourcecode and this new demo. Be sure to explore this with an available font!

It turns out this is really one of many perspective transformations but is not a true generic 2D perspective transformer!

Picture a perspective cube. With this code, you can project flat regular artwork onto any of its three faces. Also, amazingly, you can rotate the cube into different aspects.

At present, you can send this sourcecode to Distiller via the usual secret command line incantation of //acrodist /F.

This code appears to be triply Distiller-GoogleDrive-GhostScript compatible and is number #20 in this new series.

Your suggestions welcome.

August 11, 2019
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Just made our Cheap Video Cookbook eBook much more compact and web friendly.

Cheap video was a concept that let you add video to such low end micros as the KIM1, AIM65, SYM1, and H8.

It was based on using software to provide specific timing rather than its usual use of resolving algorithms. It saw some use in the Timex Sinclair, but its most spectacular success was in the NewTek Calibar.

Its need largely disappeared with sharply declining memory prices, the demand for more and better fonts, and bandwidth needs far in excess of NTSC analog tv.

Son of Cheap Video was its sequel, found with these other free eBooks. Many more examples of code-as-timing rather than code-as-algorithm appear here and here.

August 10, 2019
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A reminder that weekly pv pricing gets reported here and here. The lowest cell pricing is now nine cents per peak cell watt.

Which is fast approaching what I feel is the "all hell breaks loose" price point of eight cents per peak cell watt. A barrier that I feel not only will be approached but will be slammed through like it was not even there.

Meanwhile, this resource reports on the ever accelerating rate of coal power plant conversions into singles bars.

August 9, 2019
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Some of the many advantages of magnetic tomcats include: (a) They will point north if you pick them up by the tail; (b) they store easily overnight on the side of your refrigerator; (c) herding cats is a lot easier if they are all oriented in the same direction. And, of course (d) you can levitate them by
using an appropriately powered electric blanket.

More on totally unrelated topics in MARCIA.PDF.

August 8, 2019
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Here are the arguments against the Hydrogen Economy...

1. Terrestrial hydrogen is ONLY an energy carrier
or transfer media and NOT a substance capable of
delivering net NEW BTU's to the on-the-books
economy.

2. Terrestrial hydrogen creation is often inefficient
as considerably more energy of usually much higher
quality has to be input than is eventually returnable.

3. No large terrestrial source of hydrogen gas is
known. Water, of course, is a hydrogen sink and, by
fundamental chemical energetics, is the worst
possible feedstock.

4. The CONTAINED energy density of terrestrial
hydrogen by weight is a lot LESS than gasoline.
And drops dramatically as the tank is emptied. The
energy density of hydrogen gas by volume is a
ludicrous joke.

5. Virtually all bulk hydrogen is produced by methane
reformation. And thus is EXTREMELY hydrocarbon
dependent.

6. Hydrogen has one of the widest explosive ranges
known, the least spark energy required for ignition,
and has no known colorants or odorants. Its flame
is often invisible or nearly so.

7. There is more hydrogen in a gallon of gasoline
than there is in a gallon of liquid hydrogen.

8. No effective and vehicle compatible means of
hydrogen storage is known that is remotely as
cheap, safe, dense, and convenient as carbon
bonded hydrides.

9. No infrastructure exists for gaseous hydrogen
distribution. Pipelines in particular raise major
density and embrittlement issues.

10. Electrolysis from high value sources such as
grid, wind, or pv is totally useless as a hydrogen
source because of the staggering loss of exergy.
There ALWAYS will be more intelligent things
to do with the electricity.

11. Improper burning of hydrogen produces
highly polluting nitrous oxides.

12. Terrestrial hydrogen is basically a POLLUTION
AMPLIFIER that increases the pollution of its
underlying sources. It is utterly ludicrous to claim that
hydrogen is in any manner, way, shape, or form
"nonpolluting".

13. Hydrogen rots most metals through embrittlement .

14. "Carbon Neutral" solutions would appear better
than "Carbon Free" because (A) A significant measure
of the energy of most fuels is in its carbon fraction, (B)
Carbon appears to be essential for convenient and safe
room temperature liquids, and (C) Reformation is not
required or else is simpler, cheaper, and wastes less
energy.

15. An optimal hydrogen storage solution exists by carbon
bonding as in heptane or iso-octane. Both of these room
temperature liquids ain't broke.

16. A kilowatt hour of electricity is ridiculously more valuable
than a kilowatt hour of unstored hydrogen gas.

I particularly like #7. The entire concept of the hydrogen
economy is thus not even wrong,

Much more here, and on energy in general here.

August 7, 2019
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A reminder that our CMOS COOKBOOK and ACTIVE FILTER COOKBOOK are newly available as free eBooks.

Find lots more eBooks here, classic reprints here, and a very few remaining autographed hard copies here.

And USB's of nearly one each of everything here.

August 6, 2019
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A review of nonlinear graphics transforms can be found here.

One of my all time favorites is the "Architects Perspective" or two point perspective. In which there is a y vanishing point and an x vanishing point, but the z axis remains perfectly vertical.

This is particularly useful for buildings, where most any building tilting or leaning seems just plain wrong.

Let xo, yo, and zo be the distances
from the observer to the 0,0,0
perspective origin.

x is left-right; y is in-out; and z is
up-down.

One possible 2-point transform is…

x' = yo (x - xo ) / (y + yo )
y' = yo (z - zo ) / (y + yo )

Some software I use on eBay to realign product images to Architects Perspective can be found here. This is usually followed up by a vignetting backgrounder you can find here. With many examples here.

August 5, 2019
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One interesting emerging workaround to scientific paper paywalls is the Author's Preprint.

This is a new paper you created by yourself and posted to your own website. Followed by reposting to Research Gate or Wesrch or Tdar or Academia.

Or the rest of the gang here.

It is super important that your author's preprint have zero content that was internally physically generated by the paywall source. Fonts and layout must be original!

Note that the word "reprise" is pronounced "preprint".

One of our recent author's preprints can be found here.

August 4, 2019
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The latest phone scam: "Hello, is Don there?"

If you are a real Don, of course, they hang up on you immediately. And very few phones have a Don attached.

This is likely some sort of a phishing ploy. Once the non Don's are contacted, they likely open some sort of dialog. Possibly ending in a bogus money transform.

One general workaround that we use: Answer your phone with its number instead of "hello". This often causes the scamee to loose their place in the script.

And works particularly well if you have a home business. More on home businesses here and here.

A second tip: The first person to speak after any "How are you today?" ---> LOSES!

August 3, 2019
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A very interesting electronic and automation auction can be found here. So far, there seem to be zero bids!

Shipping makes this waay too far back east for me and the stuff is obviously dated, used, and clearly in need of refurb. $5 opening bids!

But, outside of that Missus Lincoln, how was the play?

August 2, 2019
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A reminder that our curvetracing routines can simply and easily approximate perspective circles Per this demo and this sourcecode.

First, you define a perspectively transformed bounding "square". Then you calculate the halfway distance along the "square" sides with good old ( x1 +x2 ) / 2 and ( y1 + y2 ) / 2

Actually, this won't quite be right, but nobody is likely to notice. And the "real" math is way beyond gruesome.

Second, you next find the midpoint angle by using ( y2 - y1 ) (x2-x1) atan. The PostScript atan operator is wifi enough to figure our which quadrant you are in and avoid div0 hassles.

Then you Gonzo curvetrace...

[ x0 y0 ang0 x1 y1 ang1
x2 y2 ang2 x3 y3 and 3
x0 y0 ang0 ] curvetrace

Usually, the default "best circle" tension of 2.83301 will work just fine. But you can adjust it downward if there are any hints of "squareness" or upward if there are any hints of "diamondness".

August 1, 2019
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One of the problems of Bajada Hanging Canal research is that very few destination fields are yet verified. The Mud Springs Canal in particular has taken many dozens of trips to date without being able to reveal its destination.

Could an ancient canal act as a precision inclinometer?

It certainly demands an optimal slope. And "they" sure have consistently come close to optimization. The canals all tend to route in straight lines, unless there is some compelling reason not to.

Draw two Google Earth circles centered on the known canal end at N 32.84791 W 109.81105. Make the first circle radius go back to a ten foot canal elevation rise. Make the second circle radius go back to a twenty foot elevation rise.

At a two percent grade, we are talking 500 and 1000 feet. Mark many possible locations on these Google paths.

Compare their optimal elevation against their actual elevation. Which directions remain suggestive of a feasible canal route? Obviously, the canal must not go uphill and likely will continue at its previous slope without sudden turns or drops.

Note that two drainages seem to discourage trending to the northwest or southeast. And that the Central Dump would appear to be a rather weaker candidate.

Mapping strengthens the premise that the Mud Springs destination lies under the present Central Cemetery.

Note that two drainages discourage trending to the northwest or southeast. And historic reuse has many verified instances of "steal the plans" or "borrow the blueprints". "Hey, here's a flat and rock free area with lots of loose dirt for our new cemetery."

There's also no evidence so far of the bajada canals merging with the riverine ones. Not to mention the cliff between the two. And significant apparent flow rates combined with wildly different engineering .

A second weak but independent factor: Very often the canal route goes along the highest possible terrain, owing to such routes often being the most engineeringly efficient. The modern power line is orthogonal to a possible canal route and clearly crosses it at its potential highest point!

And yet another consideration: West Layton road consistently has nearly the correct slope. Curiously, orthogonal transects to it place the road at the highest possible elevation, dropping to either side.

But the evidence to date clearly remains far shy of proof. Your assistance welcome.

July 31, 2019
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Sometimes, you might instead want to trace one .JPG image into another. Particularly for an eBay sale.

.PDF easily lets you output .JPG. As these before and after images show us.

July 30, 2019
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Why work with a 10X grid? Normalizing your space to a nominal font size of "1" or a schematic's space between wires or integrated circuit pins of "1" has a number of advantages.

Many of the numbers involved may only need one or two digits, thus shortening and cleaning up your code.

The scale of the project is simply and easily changed, and the grid itself can sometimes become a design element.

To activate a 10X grid in Gonzo...

50 50 10 setgrid % xpos ypos scale

Note that setgrid leaves an "open" gsave on your stack. If you ever want to leave the grid, provide an ending grestore.

To view a portion of the grid..

40 60 showgrid % hblocks vblocks

More details here.

The latest version of Gonzo Gridding appears here and includes optional positional callouts.

July 29, 2019
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Sourcecode for a new .JPG tracing utility can be found here with its original .JPG image here and its demo here.

There are three layers to the code. The bottom most is the .JPG image you are trying to compact or sharpen or .PDF capture or otherwise modify or improve.

The next layer is a 10X layout grid with new optional numeric callouts. And finally, your top layer is your "raw" PostScript tracing. Note that any fills might need commented out if you temporarily need the local underlying grid info.

At present the code can be sent to Distiller via the usual command line secret incantation of //acrodist /F. While your final .psl code should usually be Google Drive compatible, our jpegimageprocwithlink still needs a compatible solution.

Please email any suggestions.

One of the big features of jpegimageprocwithlink is that a smaller and more compact image gets entered into your .PDF file while you can optionally click through to the full size one that is located elsewhere.

Some extensive examples here.

When you change your .JPG file, be sure to modify your filenames and the hpixels and vpixels values!

July 28, 2019
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Here's a new "Poison Ivy in a Spray Can" demo of combining a .JPG image, a grid, and traceable new code that does actual nonlinear transforms.

Find the .PSL code here and its demo here.

One caution: Be sure the nozzle is pointed forward before use!

Send the code to Acrobat Distiller via the secret command line incantation of //acrodist /F.

More on nonlinear transforms here. And many more examples here and here.

The key secret is to use a Fonts charapath operator and then redefine moveto, lineto, curveto, and closepath to transform each and every point onto an apparent new surface.

July 27, 2019
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Just made a curious observation on one of our prehistoric hanging canals:There can be significant moisture retention subsurface in the fill! As shown by darkening or even actual moisture.

It would seem unlikely that the canals are still flowing subsurface, so what is more likely is that rare rains go through the permeable sand and are blocked against further depth penetration by the impermeable canal bottom.

Evaporation would "clear" the surface but take much longer to reach deeper.

So far, there is only one sample and this one days after a rainfall. Further survey requires permits and funding.

This might be a "gotcha" for yesterday's OSL in that the process is extremely water sensitive.

July 26, 2019
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A newer and improved substitute for thermoluminescence is Optically Stimulated Luminescence, or OSL.

Single grains of sand include slight amounts of uranium or other radioactive sources. They also have "traps" that can accumulate and save this energy over time.

The trap energy can be released by sunlight or other strong radiation and its captured energy can then be measured.

Which literally lets you measure when the grain of sand last saw the light of day! Giving superb new tools for geologic and archaeological dating.

One lab is found found found found here. Processing usually costs $500 to $1000 per sample and the process can take months.

OSL would seem useful to date our prehistoric canals. It might even be useful to prove enigmatic segments of canal are are not connected.

Also a superb subject for student papers.

July 25, 2019
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Made some minor corrections to our .rss page.

Please report any remaining issues.

July 24, 2019
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Just added a highly improved "Director's Cut" end cover to our CMOS Cookbook free ebook download.

With sourcecode here, its demo here, all of CMOS here, and the rest of the gang here.

As usual, this uses our Gonzo Utilities which feature superb quality fancy text justification, electronic schematics, .jpg capture, total programmable control, and astonishingly short file sizes.

Gonzo is normally edited with any old word processor and then sent to Distiller via a secret command line //acrodist /F incantation.

I am working on making Gonzo compatible with Google Drive, but a seemingly endless number of hoops apparently need jumped through.

As done here, I'd sure like to use a -run- command rather than towing much or all 87K of Gonzo along each and every time.

Some progress here and ongoing here, but I sure could use your help.

July 23, 2019
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My most favoritist technical book of all time remains the Radiotron Designers Handbook.

Find several versions of it here.

July 22, 2019
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Plan Nine from Outer Space is newly available on Youtube. This had been widely regarded as by far the worst movie of all time, but its sheer ineptitude has long since made it a cult classic.

My own two videos here and here.

July 21, 2019
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A reminder that our ACTIVE FILTER COOKBOOK is also recently available as a free eBook.

Find lots more eBooks here, classic reprints here, and a very few remaining autographed hard copies here.

And USB's of nearly one each of everything here.

July 20, 2019
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Our free CMOS COOKBOOK eBook is newly available here!

I could still use your help in finding scans of Micro Cookbook I, the Spanish and the Pacific Rim versions of the TTL cookbook, and the Hexadecimal Chronicles.

The Raspberry Pi and friends have once again made Micro I newly and highly relevant.

Yeah, the Hexadecimal Chronicles was not all that great a seller, and it was mostly a useful internal personal tool. But it was significant in that it was completely authored and typeset and produced by an Apple IIe!

With utterly negligible production costs. Error free!

July 19, 2019
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A major lateral arabesque!

The key to understanding Google Drive full and partial directory path names is that they don't have any!

Instead, id links are available ( when allowed ) that act as most any other web url. Just pick a file and right click on Get Sharable Link for a copyable url.

Our first example here is some simple Distiller compatible PostScript code that lets you click through on your choice of a Google Drive id or a main web link.

Find the code here and a demo here.

Uh, this routine has been kept simple, so it only works on unenhanced left justification. More elegant code is found in our Gonzo Utilities that uses deferred "printlist" execution to deal with fancier text justifications where your initial and final currentpoints may differ wildly.

The code is swift enough, though, to have its active area autotrack any later text size or positioning edits!

Uh, this still is not Google Drive compatible in that the links are shown but do not work. Stay tuned.

July 18, 2019
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We are slowly making some progress in getting more PostScript programs fully compatible with Google Drive.

The goal being finding a free and full performing alternate to Acrobat Distiller. /F and all!

We found out that it is essential that any .ps or .psl programs have zero leading spaces and starts with %!PS-Adobe-3.1 or similar!

No direct method of viewing PostScript error messages and log files has yet been found. However, an often useful workaround is to define new operators to append error, log info, debug commands, and any intentional text output to the end of your .PDF file being generated.

Adding, ferinstance, a red page for the first error that you find, and yellow ones for each intended log page diversion. A side benefit of this technique is that you often can view the intended .PDF output up to the point of the first error.

Sourcecode and a demo to do this are found here. As part of our new triply compatible program examples

A next logical step would be to find out how Google Drive deals with filenames. Possibly leading up to including .JPG files in a generated .PDF using something like our highly useful /jpegimageprocwithlink proc. Or eventually, --gasp-- being able to run subroutines such as our Gonzo Utilities.

It turns out that Google Drive does not use filenames, directories, or subdirectories! Instead, each and every file from each and every user has a unique cloud-wide id.

Thus, completely bypassing issues with full and relative filenames!

You can easily extract or read this id for everything sharable by finding the file and right clicking on get sharable link. The id can then be isolated from this link

I do not yet have the faintest clue as to how to relate the links to my /jpegimageprocwithlink. But resolving this would be a really major step forward to full compatibility.

Your participation and help welcome.

July 17, 2019
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Deeply buried in our Guru's Lair is some medical stuff, mostly oriented towards a wellness lifestyle and aerobic exercise. I still use these occasionally for fire department fitness drill training exercises

The big three are...

Don't Get Sick
A wellness Lifestyle Quiz
Aerobic Pulse Rate Chart

A review by a real doctor here...

Bee's Website

And these also rans...

Understanding Pulse Monitors
Recording Aerobic Exercise Sessions
Aerobic Fitness PostScript Sourcecode

The leading web medical resource is Medline. You normally search this with PubMed.

Also check out Healthy.Net. And one collection of the top 25 web medical resources can be found here.

Some older alternate medical book resources here.

July 16, 2019
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Insider secrets of approximating a circle or an ellipse with cubic splines can be found here.

A four spline approximation gives an average error of one part in one thousand. The "official" normalized tension magic number is 0.55228475 , but the little known "best" nearby 0.551784 beats it by 24 percent.

The "official" magic number is also known as 4/3rds of 1 less than the square root of two.

A four spline approximation seems acceptable for most ordinary display and graphics uses, but is clearly inappropriate for machine shop or optical needs.

Results for two through eight spline approximations are also shown.

July 15, 2019
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Three older third party PostScript dictionary snooping tools can be newly found here.

The tools include...

/wherevalue - find dictionary and key for value
/dicttrace - print dictstack using names
/dict== - recursively print dictionary contents

These work around the problem of there being no apparent simple or obvious way of relating a -dict- report to its name.

Many thanks to Luser Droog for their assistance here.

July 14, 2019
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A very intriguing YouTube paper on prehistoric Southwest Canals can be newly found here.

Their premise is that rectangular tank similarities might suggest a strong Mesoamerican presence. Please note here that the Scientific Method demands (a) independent corroboration and (b) falsifiability.

My initial response is that the term "not even wrong" may come to mind. Per here and here.

July 13, 2019
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Triply compatible Distiller-GoogleDrive-GhostScript updates to one or our Fractal Ferns can be found here for the sourcecode and here for the .PDF result. Example #19. Earlier stuff here.

Amazingly, the Google Drive execution time on this is blindingly and unbelievably fast! So much so that higher resolutions and larger images are now more than feasible.

Some fern background here. The image is fully defined with only 28 data values!

July 12, 2019
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The overwhelming majority of all more sophisticated PostScript programs will --not-- run on Google Drive!

At least not without modification. I am working on finding ( and have already found ) possible solutions or workarounds to many of these problems.

A series of newly compatible programs can be found here. And likely in future entries of this blog.

The most infuriating and easiest to fix compatibility issue is simply this: The program MUST start with %!PS-Adobe-3.1 or similar!

ANY LEADING SPACES DIVERT TO OTHER LANGUAGES AND TRASH YOUR RESULTS!

The usual hint of this is a "preview not available" screen message.

July 11, 2019
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Apparently there is no simple or direct way to find the actual name of a of PostScript --dict--.

I am working on a full named dictmap and have probably gotten halfway through.

Here are two alternate approaches: We have a PostScript snooper's sourcecode here and its demo here. The only gotcha is that you'll need to know dictionary names ahead of time.

And here is a possible stunt...

countdictstack array dictstack
{dup {pop == exit} forall
length ==} forall

This returns the length and the first entry of everything on the dictionary stack. If the -dict- is mainstream, chances are you can refer back to the snooper and quickly find its name.

More new good stuff here. And our latest free Active Filter Cookbook (!) ebook here. With autographed hard copies here.

And our newest video here. And our oldest vid here.

July 10, 2019
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After asking around on the incredible stack overflow web resource, it appears unlikely there is any direct and simple way to get the name of a top-of-stack PostScript dictionary.

The present approach ( which will likely take more time and money than it is worth ) is to create a new master dictionary info array.

Each element might include...

[ /hostdictname /childdictname /firstdef length]

You would then work by tiers to build up a new master directory. Given the length and first entry name for the dictionary you are after, and then extracting the target dictionary name.

Thus finding which --dict-- that == or ==d is referring to.

Cloud funding welcome.

July 9, 2019
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Here's the sourcecode and demo of an improved triply compatible Distiller-GoogleDrive-GhostScript print diverter.

Example #18 in this ongoing series.

Newly included is an error trapper with a stack dumper. The involved commands are printd, ==d, and pstackd . Used only when and where you want them and with no server side mods.

It is based on adding new .log pages to the end of your existing PostScript doc. A red page for errors and as many yellow ones as you need for reports and to output most any code in most any language.

This technique greatly improves and expands what you can and cannot do with GoogleDrive. But a better official .LOG file solution obviously remains needed or documented.

This code does sneaky stuff in sneaky ways, so please report any problems you find with it.

July 8, 2019
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What is the ultimate off-the-wall unbelievable PostScript hack involving horrific abuse of one or more commands?

Here's the sourcecode for my unbelievable on-the-wall one. And its demo.

Amazingly, it does not matter in the least how many bricks are involved. Nor what the size of each and every properly transformed perspective brick is. The code stays short and simple. And fast.

Here's an older Example #19 high brick demo.

Can you bottom this?

July 7, 2019
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I am still looking for an "official" way for Google Drive to deal with display PostScript .LOG files.

Log files are super important to report errors, to do diagnostics, or simply to let PostScript write most any code in most any computer language.

We saw sourcecode for a tentative way to report errors here with its demo here. And sourcecode of an example of how PostScript can learn to speak HTML here with its demo here. And more examples of triply compatible Distiller-GoogleDrive-GhostScript here.

Here is a new example of our compatibility workarounds. It is a print diverter that adds ( usually ) yellow gridded pages to the end of your .PDF file. Added are three new "diversion" commands of printd, ==d, and pstackd.

Find the sourcecode here and a demo here.

printd works like print, except it prints on the end pages of your .PDF being generated. ==d works like == in that it intelligently formats internal commands so you can
tell what their purpose is from their format. And pstackd outputs an intelligent copy of your stack contents, again to the end of your .PDF file.

Only a simple and short text formatter is used here. Substitute our Gonzo Utilities for anything really fancy.

Run this by sending it to Google Drive or activating Distiller with the usual command line of //acrodist /F.

Your inputs on Google Drive insider secret stuff are desperately needed. So far, there are major and obvious apparent severe limitations. Some of which may simply be not looking in the right places, some of which can be fixed by creative programming, and some of which may end up as fundamental gotchas.

Next order of business is combining the above stack dumper with the error reporter. Followed by learning absolute and relative filenames. Followed by a JPG to linkable PS image solution. Followed by "/F" running Gonzo.

July 6, 2019
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I just found out that many of the New Mexico subastas are going to be sold at auction!

Even worse, "slippery slope" issues may also endanger a large number of the licitacions and even the almonedas!

Thankfully, eBay sales and shipping to New Mexico aren't quite as bad as they used to be. Yeah, there is still the language barrier and the hassles at customs.

One main problem was that of all the New Mexico truck tires are all a different size and spacing, so everything needed reloaded at the border crossings.

Fortunately, there are now REVERSIBLE truck tires that can simply be insided out at the New Mexico ports of entry.

More details at your nearest New Mexico embassy.

July 5, 2019
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A second reminder that our Active Filter Cookbook is newly available in free ebook form here. Seventeenth printing!

More free ebooks here. Autographed hard copies here.

July 4, 2019
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Raytheon is one of the very few remaining sources of auctions for useful military surplus electronic parts and instruments.

But they suddenly just made a giant change in how you can participate. You have to sign up for a free online service called Exostar if you want to bid.

The bids are much simpler and easier to place online now. Their link is called Raytheon Source. Links

New features include access to your own Excel, advising when you have been outbid, and, if outbid, your priority.

Exostar's sign in may end up frustratingly obtuse, but they seem to have outstanding free online service.

Much more auction stuff here and our eBay stuff here.

July 3, 2019
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Befuddlement #101: How do you find the name of a PostScript Dictionary? There would seem to be some simple and obvious answer, but I can't seem to find it. The obvious = = returns a rather useless --dict--.

Yeah, you can dump a dict with { == == } forall. You can make a copy with a new name. And you can find its length. And you can find a random content name sample using...

/curdict exch store
curdict {pop exit} forall

The additional clues can help bunches. If they are known stock dictionaries, this sourcecode and this demo can help. Other possibly useful tools here.

What am I missing?

July 2, 2019
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Our Active Filter Cookbook is newly available in free ebook form here. Seventeenth printing!

More free ebooks here. Autographed hard copies here.

July 1, 2019
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Our most previous "No, I am not making this up" can be found here.

Snottites are bacterial mats found in caves. They live in total darkness and metabolize sulfur to earn a living. They shit sulphuric acid and are most comfortable in a PH of ZERO (!) environment.

Not surprisingly, these are considered extremeophiles.

As such, they make superb high school or college papers.

Besides presenting a strong argument that life elsewhere in the universe is utterly and absolutely inevitable.

More assorted weird stuff here.

June 30, 2019
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A repeat reminder that our Bajada Hanging Canal video now has improved audio. But it also has a new URL.

You can find the latest version at..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cqkfyi_-FM&t=102s

Or search YouTube for "bajada hanging canal"

YouTube apparently has no provisions for redirects, so please be sure to update any links or bookmarks that you can reach.

Our other vid can be found here.

June 29, 2019
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Here's a list of our recent triply compatible Distiller- GoogleDrive-GhostScript utilities and apps...

#17 - Perspective Circles source and demo
#16 - PS Error Reporter! source and demo

#15 - Dictionary Snooper source and demo
#14 - Marberlous Pancakes source and demo
#13 - Meowwrrr Pussycat ( module list)
#12 - PS Accuracy Improver - source and demo
#11 - Cubic Spline Length source and demo

  #10 - "Lite" Gonzo Shell        source and demo
#9 - Constant Cubic Spline  source and demo
#8 - Fake Log Demo             source and demo
#7 - Avuncular Sleezoids      ( module list )
#6 - Tuna Can                      source and demo

#5 - Font Reporter              source and demo
#4 - Brick Wall                     source and demo (!)
#3 - Scribble                        source and demo
#2 - Fat Tail Arrows             source and demo
#1 - Web Friendly Colors    source and demo

The final results from meowwrrr can be viewed in Google
Drive, but the key part where it traces a .JPG is not yet
compatible. Your help is needed on this.

And, of course, ground zero on all this can be found
here, here, here, and here.

June 28, 2019
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We saw back here that our Gonzo Curvetracing utilities could be used to make fairly decent perspective circles.

New triply compatible Distiller-GoogleDrive-GhostScript sourcecode can be found here with a demo here.

As Google Drive project #16. And more code here.

What you do is remap a square into perspective space and then find the midpoint and slope of each edge, followed by some Cubic Spline magic.

This approach is an approximation that seems to appear ok on many circles. Very "squashed" ones might sometimes need fancier code or custom tension adjustments .

June 27, 2019
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Uh, our Bajada Hanging Canal video now has improved audio. But it also has a new URL. Find the latest version at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cqkfyi_-FM&t=102s

Or search YouTube for "bajada hanging canal".

Many thanks to David Oase for his effort on this.

June 26, 2019
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Here's the status of our Google Drive PS error reporter: It works "as is" good enough for skilled adaption.

Not all of the possible errors have yet been tested. Most should work just fine, but a rude surprise was found when syntaxerror returned a string rather than a name.

The tasks are to create an intentional error for "real" distiller and see how
it gets dealt with. The error can then be added to the active error list.

Some header stuff needs improved, and adding a stack dump would appear useful.

A related project would divert the = = and print commands to appended yellow pages.

June 25, 2019
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This sourcecode and this PDF result show a typical classic Distiller example of converting a pile of .JPG photos into PostScript PDF images. I have yet to find out how to do this in Google Drive

Reviewing, my code for this is /jpegimageprocwithlink This PostScript routine takes info on a pair of .JPG files and then converts them into an Acrobat Distillable click- to-expand .PDF image. View the code in the above link.

This method means you can have a smaller and more compact image in your .PDF and a full size one only for whoever wants to click through.

To use, extract and edit in any suitable text editor. ( A .psl extension simply identifies a text file as "PostScript Lancaster" that often may need my Gonzo Utilities.

Then define /imageurl and /imagelocaldirectory .JPG
locations. Followed by this appropriately modified setup...

93 36                            % page position x y translate
1500 1636                    % hpixels and vpixels
0.147                          % photoscale
imagelocaldirectory     % local jpg source url
imageurl                      % image clickthru url

jpegimageprocwithlink % do it!

Those hpixels and vpixels values are critical and must exactly match your .JPG! View them in ImageViewer/32 if you can't find them elsewhere.

Your help needed.

June 24, 2019
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A summary of the Artifex commands can be found here.

Finding demos and use details of their *PermitFileReading, *PermitFileWriting, and *PermitFileControl commands would appear essential for such tasks as converting JPG images to portions of a PDF doc, running or including common control modules, improving bitmaps, and such.

The key issue here appears to be recognizing and dealing with both absolute and relative file paths. Compounded by PostScript restrictions on "\".

June 23, 2019
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The plot ppd_info.ps routine found in this third party set of PostScript resources returns this info profile for the Artifex routines in Google Drive...

*Product: "Artifex Ghostscript"
*PSVersion: "(3010) 920"
*NickName: "Artifex Ghostscript"
*LanguageLevel: 3
*FreeWM: "1292896"
*ColorDevice: True
*ColorValues: "16777216"
*BlueValues: "256"
*GrayValues: "256"
*Colors: "3"
*RedValues: "256"
*GreenValues: "256"
*MaxSuperScreen: "1016"
*LabProfile: "lab.icc"
*VMThreshold: "8000000"
*MaxFormItem: "100000"
*DefaultCMYKProfile: "default_cmyk.icc"
*MaxExecStack: "5000"
*OverrideICC: "false"
*MinFontCompress: "1000"
*AccurateScreens: "false"
*PermitFileControl: "--nostringval--"
*SourceObjectICC: ""
*MinScreenLevels: "1"
*MaxScreenItem: "48000"
*ICCProfilesDir: "%rom%iccprofiles/"
*VMReclaim: "0"
*DefaultRGBProfile: "default_rgb.icc"
*MaxUPathItem: "0"
*MaxDictStack: "500"
*IdiomRecognition: "true"
*RenderTTNotdef: "true"
*MaxFontItem: "10000"
*GridFitTT: "1"
*PermitFileWriting: "--nostringval--"
*DeviceNProfile: ""
*WaitTimeout: "0"
*MaxPatternItem: "20000"
*ProcessComment: "--nostringval--"
*NamedProfile: ""
*HalftoneMode: "0"
*MaxLocalVM: "9223372036854775807"
*DefaultGrayProfile: "default_gray.icc"
*MaxOpStack: "300000"
*LockFilePermissions: "true"
*JobName: ""
*JobTimeout: "0"
*AlignToPixels: "0"
*ProcessDSCComment: "--nostringval--"
*PermitFileReading: "--nostringval--"
*DefaultResolution: 720dpi
*ImageableArea XX: "0 0 612 792"

June 22, 2019
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The plot thickens until it clots.

Preliminary and incomplete sourcecode for a Google Drive PostScript error reporting approach can be newly found here, along with its demo here.

The concept is based on appending a red page with a summary of the first found error to the end of the existing document progress.

Two interesting features of this approach are that you can see the progress of the document up to the time of your first error. And that no server side code modifications are needed. Nor is the code used except explicitly where and when purposely included.

Much further testing is needed, and only a few error types have been verified so far. Your help is encouraged in further developing this critical need.

In general, letting a known "broken" program continue to run is appallingly bad practice. But in this case, the odds of vaporizing all small furry animals within a few mile radius would seem rather low. At the very least ( so far ) cascaded "undefined" errors do not seem to present a serious problem. Nonetheless, any "official" solution to Google PS error reporting likely should seek out some alternative method.

June 21, 2019
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An older third party collection of all sorts of highly useful PostScript resources can be found here.

June 20, 2019
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Never store carbide in a non-locking carabiner!

June 19, 2019
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Judging from yesterday's Google Search, the conversion of coal fired power plants into singles bars is taking place much faster and much earlier than expected.

I predict the "all hell breaks loose" point is where the utility pv costs blasts through the eight cents per peak cell watt. At best, we are currently at nine and a half cants.

This is reasonably expected in a few months and is a key step to utility scale solar pv eventually ending up both subsidy free renewable and sustainable.

Pricing info is sometimes available Sphere and here.

Much more on energy here, here, and here.

June 18, 2019
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I seem to be having problems in finding answers to the following Google Drive PostScript Display issues...

How and where are the PostScript
error messages received?

How and where are the Log Files
Reviewed? Many PS routines demand
these as their ONLY output.

How and where can .JPG files
be converted into PS image operators?
Such as my /jpegimageprocwithlink?

How can full disk access be activated
similar to Distiller's //acrodist /F?

How can the PostScript == and print
commands be used?

How are more host resident fonts
accessed?

What are the links for TypeKit support?

How is "save as .PDF" implemented?

How can relative filenames be used?

How can absolute filenames be determined?

How can includes and run commands
be handled? Particularly with Gonzo?

How can host GhostScript display
more than one page or short records?

A reminder we have an updated Dictionary super snooper here with its demo here.

June 17, 2019
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Made some further progress in our now triply Distiller- GoogleDrive GhostScript dictionary super snooper spectrocity.

Find the new sourcecode here and a printout example here. Some of the more obscure GhostScript dictionaries have yet to be entered.

Another use of this code is to show how to divert your intentional PostScript .log content onto your main .PDF output page.

Please report any errors or omissions.

June 16, 2019
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Despite dozens of recent trips and an amazing amount of progress, there still are major mystery areas that still surround the Mud Springs Canal and its Jernigan branch.

The unverified Ash Creek takein has to be pretty much at N 32.78726 W 109.8546. But the vertical conglomerate cliff remaining from Tropical Storm Octave suggests that it may not be findable.

While this can be easily northward traceable from N 32.79137 W 109.85350 to N 32.80317 W 109.83998, this has yet to to be done. It would seem a good drone project. 4WD or ATV vehicle spotting may be involved.

An unexpected hanging portion remains understudied and and totally underphotographed near N 32.81013 W 109.83569.

The Adena Embassy ( aka the "troll house" ) remains unexplained in the area. The scientific method, of course demands falsifiability.

The Jernigan takein branch begins at N 32.82780 W 109.81967 and is fairly well studied to N 32.83888 W 109.81394. But portions of this may seem rather vague as natural drainages seem to have been used with minimal mods. The route seems fully credible here.

Continuing along the main Mud Springs canal, a modern tank seems associated at N 32.82782 W 109.81898. But there is a strikingly similar tank nearby that clearly is not prehistoric canal related. The situation remains enigmatic.

Much progress has been made northerly to N 32.83361 W 109.81187 . This section also seems to have minimal adaption of natural drainages, one of which is quite deep.

The area from here northerly to near N 32.83891 W 109.81088 remains needing major further work. A hanging portion is suspected. There are also issues with stream piracy and with moderate to severe ATV damage.

From here to N 32.84805 W 109.81101, the Mud Springs canal is quite well defined and is very suitable for easy visitor tours. Some portions show a distinct caliche-like whiteness. This seems unique except for a short stretch of the nearby Allen Canal at N 32.83528 W 109.79804.

But the Mud Springs destination fields remain unknown with the canal possibly being under vehicular tracks or cemeteries. No convincing relation to the Central Dump has yet been observed. Many trips have been made to this area with still not a slightest destination clue.

Returning to the Jacobson Canal, the area from N 32.83884 W 109.81515 to N 32.84213 W 109.81410 seems to involve two or three braided and largely unimproved natural channels. Clearly prehistoric major construction with well defined spoil banks and a large tree mid-channel temporarily resumes at N 32.84213 W 109.81410.

A second short segment with well-defined constructs heads
north at N 32.84235 W 109.81394. This is presumed to be
a still understudied branch whose destination remains unknown.
There are significant cultural resources northwest of this area.

A short segment of the main Jernigan canal remains unfound at a counterflowing stream crossing. There are no less than three significant "U-turns" in the canal area routing!

The final reach of the Jernigan Canal goes from N 32.84252 W 109.81478 to N 32.84080 W 109.816828. This section is quite obvious, very well engineered, exceptionally well preserved, includes deep cuts, and is mostly hanging. A final drop to rarely discovered destination fields suggests a short French Drain connection.

More canal stuff here and here and here. Other things to do here and here.

June 15, 2019
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A reminder about our new ARA Hanging Canal video here and the free downloadable preprint to our new JSA paper that can be found here.

This stuff all remains stunningly beyond beyond. More can be found here and here.

June 14, 2019
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Some interesting and surprisingly "supermath" third party options and verifications to much of our advanced stuff can be found here.

June 13, 2019
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One of the more interesting surprises from yesterday's downloads is that there is a boolean /AllowRelativePathOps entry in Distiller's currentdistillerparams!

Not surprisingly, its default option is false.

I'm having trouble finding docs on this and am not yet sure if it is completely functional. Nor finding anything yet of any related support in Artifex and GhostScript.

But this could be the key to using Google Drive to convert .JPG into PS image operators, and great heaping bunches more. Perhaps based upon my /jegimageprocwithlink and similar code.

Also not surprising is that the GhostScript and Artifex dictionaries have wildly different content than Distiller.

Scan the last few blog entries for the ongoing backstory.

June 12, 2019
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This is a work in progress that did not particularly end up in the direction I intended, but new snooping software pdf that lists nearly all of Distiller's dictionary contents can be found here with its demo here.

You will have to rerun for your own results.

So far, this only seems to work on "real" Acrobat with the usual command line secret incantation of //acrodist /F.

Some older related docs here, here, and here.

One sneaky use is to show how intentional output in a PostScript log file can be redirected into its Acrobat .PDF output. This might end up being needed to fully utilize much of Google Drive's potential.

June 11, 2019
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I'm having difficulty determining if it is even possible for Google Drive to send a JPG file to a PS image operator. As per here. This would be a utterly horrible restriction if it is not possible.

As we saw way back here, Distiller does not usually allow any use of relative host filenames. Apparently because of extreme abuse potential. So far, I have yet to determine some alternate workaround to use of a relative filename.

Ideally, a solution needs found that treats Distiller, GhostScript, and Google Drive identically. The key would likely be finding a way to determine your full Google Drive pathname.

I suspect Google's "bucket" feature may be of use.

Please help

June 10, 2019
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Newly updated and expanded our Gila Valley Day Hikes. We are now up to 569 primary entries!

Added are info on our brand new ARA hanging canal video, the huge northern Safford Grids and their book, along with the lesser southern Safford Grids.

These formed the largest known booze factory in the archaeological southwest. Agave.

A sampler of some of the more unusual day hikes can be found here. Talks and tours available.

June 9, 2019
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Just discovered that it is super easy to use our Gonzo Curvetracing utilities to draw accurate perspective circles!

Start with this "square" nonlinearly transformed into your perspective space. The data points are upper left x, upper left y, upper right x, upper right y, lower right x, lower right y, and finally lower left x and lower left y...

/sq [22.5 38
35 37
29 28
17 31] store

Then find the "halfway xy point" on each edge and its slope to build a [ xtop ytop angtop xrt yrt angrt xbot ybot angbot xftl ylft anglft xtop ytop angtop ] curvetrace array.

Then curvetrace...

/tension 2.83301 store

mark
sq 0 get sq 2 get add 2 div % find midway on square
sq 1 get sq 3 get add 2 div
sq 3 get sq 1 get sub % find midway slope
sq 2 get sq 0 get sub
atan

sq 2 get sq 4 get add 2 div
sq 3 get sq 5 get add 2 div
sq 5 get sq 3 get sub
sq 4 get sq 2 get sub
atan

sq 4 get sq 6 get add 2 div
sq 5 get sq 7 get add 2 div
sq 7 get sq 5 get sub
sq 6 get sq 4 get sub
atan

sq 6 get sq 0 get add 2 div
sq 7 get sq 1 get add 2 div
sq 1 get sq 7 get sub
sq 0 get sq 6 get sub
atan

sq 0 get sq 2 get add 2 div
sq 1 get sq 3 get add 2 div
sq 3 get sq 1 get sub
sq 2 get sq 0 get sub
atan

] curvetrace fill

A more detailed example whenever

June 8, 2019
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We long ago looked at how to best fit cubic splines to circles and ellipses.

Where we found that the usual four spline fit uses a normalized tension magic number of 0.55228475. Otherwise known as four thirds of one less than the square root of two. With a worst case error of one part in a thousand and an average error of one part in two thousand.

We also saw that this was not the best possible magic number, since a slightly lower 0.551784 gives you a 24 percent improvement. By its balancing positive and negative errors.

I decided to double check the optimum tension in our Gonzo curvetracing routines. The best /tension I have found so far is slightly higher than the original and is found at 2.83301.

By "best" we mean for a quarter circle fit. The tension can be adjusted for "flatter" or "loopier" ap needs.

June 7, 2019
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Let's look at a detailed example of how to do our Gonzo Curvetracing. As we saw yesterday, this fun but rather tedious method can be particularly useful to trace a .JPG or other DCT Decodable image to create compact, clean, sharp, colorized, and simple text-searchible and newly triply compatible Distiller-GoodleDrive-Ghostscript.

What you do is create a three layer "raw PostScript" doc. The lowest layer consists of your .JPG problem image that uses /jpegimageprocwithlink or something similar to convert to a DCTDecoded image. The second layer is a Gonzo setgrid and showgrid. And your third layer is your new curvetraced and otherwise generated code.

You then throw the baby away and drink the washwater by cutting and pasting only your top layer as a final ap. We can use good old Meowwr as a target candidate.

There are five new code modules here...

meow2a.psl % result only sourcecode
meow2a.pdf % result only .PDF output

halfcat2a.pdf % partial trace result only
meowwr1a.jpg % input .JPG to be traced

meow2a_trace.psl % tracing utility sourcecode ***
meow2a_trace.pdf % tracing demo PDF output

At present, your results can be made triply compatible, but the *** curvetracing itself is only possible in GhostScript and recommended in true Distiller accessed via the top secret //acrodist /F command line run.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Your tracing utility sourcecode will need edited to reach a desired and properly stored and linked input JPG!

Yes, we are working on full Google Drive compatibility. If this is even possible remains to be seen.

Custom services available.

June 6, 2019
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There's long been some curvetracing features built into our Gonzo Utilities. These are particularly useful for tracing over a .JPEG image to create ultra compact, clean, and simple text searchable PostScript.

While somewhat tedious, these can be most handy to, say, trace a pre-web schematic, isolate a logo, draw perspective circles, or capture some cartoon automation.

The curvetracing array format is...

[ x0 y0 ang0 x1 y1 ang1 ... xn yn angn ] curvetrace

... with the x and y values being position info and the default entered angle being somewhere around 0 degrees east, 90 degrees north, 180 degrees west, and -90 degrees south.

These are then converted into a "somewhat weak" set of cubic splines.

The big advantage of using "weak" splines is that they can be described with three ( and sometimes only two ) intuitive data points compared to the eight obtuse ones normally needed.

Weak splines feature constant tension. They can do nearly everything that strong ones can. But you may need a few more of them on complex projects.

A variant: 0 0 position info will append an existing path instead of starting a new one. For a cusp, repeat the previous triad with a different angle. Cusps are best commented on to ease later debug.

There is an optionally changeable variable called the tension. Which sets "how bouncy" the splines all are. The recommended "best" value is 2.83301. newly based on optimal quarter circle fitting. Optional ticks that you can turn on for debug are also available.

June 5, 2019
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An ARA video of our January Kartchner hanging canal talk can now newly be found at...

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cqkfyi_-FM&t=102s

... while our older Intro to PostScript vid is found here.

June 4, 2019
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A visitor asked about Smith Charts. These are an aide to microwave design debug that are especially suitable for impedance matching Agilent features them on some of their pricier instrument displays. A tutorial here.

You can find the original paper as the January 1939 issue of Electronics, pages 39+. Free downloads here.

I put together some partial code to build your own Smith Charts as Bonus Supplement #43A of our PostScript Secrets.

While this generated the basic chart, it never got around to doing all the challenging fine print and the slider. These days, the charts can be colorized using these techniques. Triply compatible new colorizer sourcecode can be found here.

June 3, 2019
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Secrets of degubbing can be found here. This includes the LAN of the nineties. Uh, that is the EIGHTEEN NINETIES! Which had a baud rate.

Yup. ONE baud!

June 2, 2019
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Our fourteenth new from-the-ground-up PostScript tool that is triply compatible with Distiller-Google Drive-Ghostscript delivers marbelous stacks of distorted pancakes, aka some Computer Art that in no manner looks like it was done on a computer. Whose hallmark is self UNsimilarity.

Find the sourcecode here and a demo here. Amazingly, these can be compacted to 200 code bytes!

More details and some yet uncompatibized variants can be found here. To use free Google Drive as your Acrobat Distiller, simply send the preverified .psl code to it to rapidly get your PostScript visual display!

But still using "real" Distiller is strongly recommended for our previous command line.

Google Drive will apparently accept programs with a .ps or .psl trailer, so long as they start with %!PS and no leading spaces. On your host, a .ps will usually route to Distiller, while a .psl goes to a suitable editor.

June 1, 2019
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I am still trying to discover how to view PostScript .log files in Google Drive. Please email any hints to me via mailto:don@tinaja.com.

.log files are extremely important to view any error messages or to let you make debugging excerpts. They also might be your only output if you are using PostScript to generate code for another computer language, Or if you need to physically save internally generated data.

One temporary workaround is to generate a second copy of .LOG data and divert it to your main .PDF output. We just saw a simple example here and a more complex one building .SHTML code (!) here.

Something simple and easy might go like this..

/print_to_pdf { needpdflogoutput
{xpos ypos moveto show
/xpos leftmargin store
/ypos ypos yinc sub store
}{pop} ifelse
} store

For which you would predefine an acceptable font ( Or let it substitute ) , your Boolean permission, and positioning info. Data is normally accepted
as a string. If not there yet, do a 20 string cvs. If not a temporary output, you might prepend or postprend a special .PDF page to your main doc.

May 31, 2019
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Our thirteenth new from-the-ground-up PostScript tool that is triply compatible with Distiller-Google Drive-Ghostscript is an "accuracy reporter" that "improves" reported precision to nearly eight decimal places. Compared to the usual six. Almost a 100:1 improvement!

Find the sourcecode here and a demo here.

This is a variant on this older program. The new version reports both to its .log file and to its .pdf file.

To use free Google Drive as Acrobat Distiller, simply send the preverified .psl code to it to rapidly get your PostScript visual display! But still using "real" Distiller is strongly recommended for our previous PostScript-as-language stuff. Along with running //acrodist /F from your command line.

This is a reporting feature that does so only when specifically called. No PostScript internals are modified in any manner.

May 30, 2019
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I may have a solution to those infuriating lower right big malware ads that don't even work...

1. Click Chrome upper right three dots.
2. Click on Settings.
3. Scroll down and click on Advanced.
4. View Privacy and Security
5. Click on Site Settings
6. Click on Notifications
7. Scroll down to Allow.
8. Remove any non-embedded allows.

If that does not work, try dragging and dropping the ad to exit stage right. Sometimes that is all you need. Other times you have to click through dozens of times till you get a new ad screen. Beware exiting that new screen as it may also take out your previous work.

Its too early to tell for sure, and your mileage may vary. Please report any feedback.

May 29, 2019
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A reminder that our ultra fast Magic Sinewave calculator can be found here. With more on them here

This was one of the few projects of mine that demanded the 64 bit math accuracy of JavaScript.

May 28, 2019
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Our twelfth new from-the-ground-up PostScript tool that is triply compatible with Distiller-Google Drive-Ghostscript is an "empty shell" that includes only some of the more fully tested compatible Gonzo commands that you can now expand as a basis for your own custom code. Find the sourcecode here and a demo here.

To use free Google Drive as Acrobat Distiller, simply send the preverified .psl code to it to rapidly get your PostScript visual display! But still using "real" Distiller is strongly recommended for our prevision PostScript-as-language stuff. Along with running //acrodist /F from your command line.

Present overhead is around 9K. You can remove unused items for compaction or add as much of full gonzo as you like. Full Gonzo needs around 90K.

Please be sure to verify any new code for full compatibility.

May 27, 2019
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We do have an older and ultra sneaky trick to improve PostScript reporting accuracy to nearly 8 places here.

But it is unlikely to be able to improve yesterday's spline length precision and it is not yet Google Drive compatible.

More whenever.

May 26, 2019
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Our eleventh new from-the-ground-up PostScript tool that is triply compatible with Distiller-Google Drive-Ghostscript is a brand new from the ground up tool to find the length of a cubic spline. Or, with simple mods, to find any given point along a spline's path.

Find the sourcecode here and a demo here.

As we have seen here, the normal math behind spline length involves unbearably gruesome elliptic functions. So, an approximate method is substituted here that simply sums delta S given delta T. And only takes a small fraction of a second.

This does push the limits of PostScript's 32 bit math, which restricts our best accuracy here to four decimal places.

May 25, 2019
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At present, the overwhelming majority of PostScript- as-a-general-purpose-computer-language existing apps ( especially my .psl files ) may not work properly for you with the faux Display PostScript & .PDF generator now found in Google Drive.

Issues include log files, the == command, fully accessing multi-platform fonts, using the Gonzo Utilities, providing for includes and run commands, viewing error reports, and generally reading or writing the disk files essential for PostScript to modify bitmaps, analyze existing files, or to write code in other languages.

Some of these factors may simply be learning curve stuff, while some appear to be easily worked around, and others may end up as major gotchas.

Having a free and somewhat useful alternative to Acrobat Distiller would certainly seem worthwhile.

We presently have ten .psl files fully and triply compatible with Distiller, Google Drive, and GhostScript.

"Lite" Gonzo Shell        source and demo
Constant Cubic Spline   source and demo
Fake Log Demo            source and demo
Avuncular Sleezoids      source and demo
Tuna Can                      source and demo

Font Reporter              source and demo
Brick Wall                     source and demo (!)
Scribble                         source and demo
Fat Tail Arrows             source and demo
Web Friendly Colors    source and demo

I'll try to add to this list, each time trying to address each major google drive issue. Your assistance is most welcome.

May 24, 2019
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The key secret to our new constant spaced cubic spline generator ( sourcecode and demo ) is to throw another million calculations at it. Which, these days is no big deal at all and only adds fractions of a second at most to your processing time

First, find the needed total spline length and the intended step vector lengths. For our demo example, a step value of 1.698 seems useful..

Then microstep tt from 0 to 1 using 10,000 or more increments. Each time the latest vector length reaches its intended value, save it to a new /tt array. Maybe like so...

/z1

/prevx 0 store
/prevy 0 store
mark 0

0 1 numsamps div 1 {
/curtry exch store
/tt curtry store
xtt prevx sub dup mul
ytt prevy sub dup mul
add sqrt

subwidth gt {
curtry
/prevx xtt store
/prevy ytt store
} if
} for
] store

The last dot may end up a bit early, so this array is then rescale normalized for a 0 to 1 range.

Jitter ends up in the third or fourth decimal place.

May 23, 2019
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Our ninth new from-the-ground-up PostScript tool that is triply compatible with Distiller-GoogleDrive-Ghostscript is a brand new from the ground up tool to generate constant spaced cubic spline segments or to find any true point along a complex cubic spline curve.

Find the sourcecode here and a demo here.

To use Google Drive as Acrobat Distiller, simply send the preverified .psl code to it to rapidly get your PostScript visual display!

May 22, 2019
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Some earlier resources on subdividing cubic splines can be found here with its sourcecode here. Along with related stuff here and here.

Three important things to note...

(1) The cubic math can be extremely
complex and may not even have
reasonable closed form solutions.

(2) The "t" parameter is not linear; It
instead tends to go "faster" along the
"more bent" portions of the curve.

(3) The length of any vector segment gets
measured from the end of its "next previous"
previous" one and not as its absolute length.

A reminder about our avuncular sleezoids.

May 21, 2019
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We started adding bunches of new stuff to our eBay store. Mostly hard to find automation and aerospace items usually at a tiny fraction of their original prices.

All fully guaranteed as usable.

We use super fast Priority Mail almost exclusively. Our shipping charges are fully combinable and are revenue neutral. And we do retain perfect feedback.

May 20, 2019
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Very few people realize that the word "gullible" does not ever appear in any major dictionary or spell checker.

It is sorta like that "no clocks in casinos" thingy.

May 19, 2019
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Subdividing a cubic spline into equal sized segments can be a real bear. The results usually look like #35A of this because the 't" parameter tends to change faster along the "more bent" spline portions.

As this and particularly this shows us, it is fairly easy to get from "t space" to "x space" or to "y space"...

A = x3 - 3x2 + 3x1 - x0
B = 3x2 - 6x1 + 3x0
C = 3x1 - 3x0
D = x0

E = y3 - 3y2 + 3y1 - y0
F = 3y2 -6 y1 + 3y0
G = 3y1 - 3y0
H = y0

But the opposite of getting from x or y space back to t space is a huge problem and might not even have a non-ambiguous closed form solution.

I'm wondering if something based on creating an array of incremental t lengths and modifying them based on their length sum might work.

I'll try to get around to this sometime.

May 18, 2019
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OK. Here's some additional Avuncular Sleezoid guidelines...

You usually start with a pair of cubic splines that do or do not share common end points and may or may not be fixed or random. Typically, one spline may be a smooth curve, while the other has loops or cusps.

For a reasonably high number of 0-1 "z" values, equivalent lines are drawn between the splines, changing the hue on sequential lines...

/newcolor1 { currenthsbcolor
/bb1 exch store
/ss1 exch store
/hh1 exch
hueinc add
dup 1 ge {pop 0}if
store
hh1 ss1 bb1 sethsbcolor
} store

Alternately, you can doubly use 3 -1 roll. More secrets of cubic splines can be found here.

As we saw here, a big sample of a near-infinite supply of random sleezoids can be found here. An optional grid can be temporarily added to let you move or recolor or rotate or hue or symmetrisize sequence these in order to "improve" them.

Web Friendly colors are found here.

Ah, yes. the "yipes stripes". These Moire patterns are caused by not having the color stripes close enough to each other. Make the stripes wider or closer together to make the stripes more or less obvious.

The "front side" and "back side" effect results from the progressive surface build from the initial end

Please send me your best ( or worst! ) sleezoids. More worst,of course here.

May 17, 2019
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They caught the perp who was leaving boxes of kittens on local doorsteps.

And charged them with littering.

May 16, 2019
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I've yet to find a way to display PostScript .log files in Google Drive. Besides being super important for debugging, log files can sometimes end up as your ONLY PostScript output. Especially for such off-the-wall stuff as using PostScript to write code in another language!

Our eighth Acrobat-Google-GhostScript compatible file example fakes a log output by generating actual .PDF text. This particular example generates .SHTML (!) code suitable for cutting and pasting during rework.

Find the code here and its .PDF demo here. Only a fraction of a second was needed here to generate many hours of otherwise tedious hand coding.

Our Gonzo Utilities can be expanded to allow much fancier text formatting.

May 15, 2019
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Our seventh PostScript group example that can work with your host Distiller, host GhostScript or Google Drive display is this stunning group of avuncular sleezoids...

Sleezoid2a .psl source and .pdf demo
Sleezoid2b .psl source and .pdf demo
Sleezoid2c .psl source and group demo
Sleezoid2d .psl source and .pdf demo
Sleezoid2e .psl source and group demo

As usual, we strongly recommend using host based Acrobat Distiller via a command line //acrodist /F.

See H.K. Hornswoggle and N.V. Blatenworth’s classic Exploiting Avuncular Sleezoids for Fun and Profit from the Brandenburg Press, Boise ID 1964, pages 55-2750 for a thorough, but definitely unterse, treatment.

More here. And, of course, here.

May 14, 2019
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Our sixth PostScript example that works with your host Distiller, host GhostScript and Google Drive display is our newly reworked Font Reporter routine.

This code here and demo example here determines which fonts are presently available on your host computer suitable for Distiller or GhostScript use.

And generates a printable report with fonts shown.

It is super important to note that the Acrobat and Ghostscript (aka Artifex) font directories are WILDLY DIFFERENT and that you have to patch them to gain access to at least a few of each other's fonts.

I'm still testing suitable tools. In general, Google Drive is only capable of displaying the tiniest negligible fraction of pre-existing PostScript code. And none of the fancier pre-existing "Golly Gee Mister Science!" stuff at all.

As usual, we strongly recommend using host based Acrobat Distiller via a command line //acrodist /F.

May 13, 2019
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Maybe it is just me, but I've just found out that Google Drive generates an error rather than displaying any PostScript code with a "==" in it. And presumably for any "print" command intended for logfiles

The double quote is essential for debugging reports. In addition, many PostScript routines will use their log files as a major or even as a sole output. Especially when generating code for most any other language.

Such as this example.

I'm still exploring workarounds. Surely there must be some solution for such a grievous omission.

May 12, 2019
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Upgraded our Tuna Can Nonlinear Graphics transform here so it is Google Drive compatible. Find the code here and the output demo here.

---	---	---
2011 Blog Excerpts	2012 Blog Excerpts	2013 Blog Excerpt s
2014 Blog Excerpts	2015 Blog Excerpts	2016 Blog Excerpts
2017 Blog Excerpts	2018 Blog Excerpts	2019 Blog Excerpts
---	---	---

hhack_1_85	hhack_11_85	hhack_10_86
hhack_2_85	hhack_1_86	hhack_11_86
hhack_3_85	hhack_2_86	hhack_1_87
hhack_4_85	hhack_3_86	hhack_2_87
hhack_5_85	hhack_4_86	hhack_3_87
hhack_6_85	hhack_5_86	hhack_4_87
hhack_7_85	hhack_6_86	hhack_5_87
hhack_8_85	hhack_7_86	hhack_6_87
hhack_9_85	hhack_8_86	hhack_7_87
hhack_10_85	hhack_9_86	hhack_8_87

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